Write a definition for each
of the following words or write a sentence identifying what the term means.
Answer any questions that
may appear at the end of the list.
1) Pg. 10: Migration
A movement of people from one region to another. Paleo-Indians migrated from Asia to North America up to 50,000 years ago.
2) Glaciers
Vast slow-moving masses of
ice. Glaciers linked the Asian and North American land
masses into one region called Beringia.
3) Indian
It is the name given to the native peoples of the Bahamas when Christopher Columbus in 1492.
4) Pg. 11: Nomads
People
who have no permanent home and who move in search of food. The first
people who migrated to the Americas were nomadic peoples.
5) Pg. 13: Culture
Culture
includes the art, beliefs, inventions, traditions, and language of a given
people. Farming changed the culture of the early Americans.
6) Agriculture
The
growing of food, or farming, is called agriculture. The earliest farming
took place about 9000 BC. Agriculture in the Americas began in Mexico around
7,000 BC.
7) Pg. 14: Civilization
A society in which a high level of art, technology, and government exists. Over the centuries a number of civilizations rose and fell in Mesoamerica (Mexico and Central America).
8) Pp 15-17: Mayas, Aztecs,
Incas (list when and where each group of people lived)
Mayas: Located in tropical lowlands of present day Yucatan, Guatemala, Belize, and Honduras, Mayan city-states flourished from 300 to 900 AD.
Aztecs: During the 100s and 1400s, Aztecs built Tenochtitlan in the Valley of Mexico as an island capital in Lake Texcoco.
Incas: In the 1400s, the Incas dominated the Pacific Coast of South America high in the Andes Mountains.
9) Pg. 20: Anasazi
They
lived in the high desert country of the Colorado Plateau around 700 AD.
10) Pg. 44: Marco Polo
Italian traveler who went with his father across Asia
and into China around 1271. He wrote Description of the World.
11) Pg.
45: Aryans
This
people invaded Northern India around 1500 BC, dominating India for 2000 years.
Their ideas and language spread across the region. Hinduism and Buddhism were
two religions that came from Aryan culture.
12) Pg. 46: Navigation
The
science of getting ships from place to place. The Chinese contributed to
this science with the magnetic compass and the sailing junk.
13) Pg. 52: The Renaissance
14) Pp. 52-53: Prince Henry
the Navigator of Portugal
He was a ruler of Portugal during the mid-1400s who set up a center of exploration at Sagres in southern Portugal. His shipbuilders used the caravel to explore the African coast. These voyages opened the way for further exploration around the Cape of Good Hope.
15) Pg. 53: Colony
A
settlement made by a group of people in a distant place that remains under the control of
the home country. Henry set up a colony on the island of Madeira for
growing sugar cane.
Things to think about:
Please complete in full sentences
1) Pg. 10: why do Native
Americans prefer to be called by the name of their tribe rather than by the
term Indian?
The
name Indian was put on them by a European, Columbus, to mean all inhabitants of
the New World. Most tribes want to maintain their own identity, so they use
their tribal name.
2) When do scientists
believe the first Americans migrated to the Americas?
The
descendants of the first migrants into North America were fully spread across
the continent by 20,000 BC. Some may have come as early as 50,000 BC and some as
late as 11,500 BC.
3) What does an archaeologist
study? What does an anthropologist study? Look these terms up in the glossary
or dictionary to answer the question.
Anthropology: the science of human beings; especially : the study of human beings in relation to distribution, origin, classification, and relationship of races, physical character, environmental and social relations, and culture.
4) Pg. 39: List three major
trading kingdoms of Africa.
Ghana,
Mali, and Songhai were African trading kingdoms built on the gold and salt
trade.
5) List two contributions the Chinese made to navigation.
The
Chinese contributed to this science with the magnetic compass and the sailing
junk.